(aka 'VL'Armata degli eroi" or "Army of Shadows" or "Army in the Shadows" or "The Shadow Army')

Directed by Jean-Pierre Melville
France / Italy 1969

 

  Jean-Pierre Melville’s masterpiece about the French Resistance against the Nazi occupation went unreleased in the United States for thirty-seven years, before its triumphant theatrical debut in 2006. Atmospheric and gripping, Army of Shadows is Melville’s most personal film, featuring Lino Ventura, Paul Meurisse, Jean-Pierre Cassel, and the incomparable Simone Signoret as intrepid underground fighters who must grapple with their own brand of honor in their battle against Hitler's regime.

***

Jean-Pierre Melville's gripping adaptation of Joseph Kessel's seminal wartime novel has been praised as one of the greatest and the most authentic film portrayals of the French Résistance.

A personal project for over 25 years and drawing on his own experience of fighting for the Résistance, the film shares the existential themes of his gangster epics Le Samouraï and Le Cercle rouge and shows Melville's mastery of suspense.

Set between the Autumn of 1942 and February 1943, the film follows the story of a band of Résistance fighters living under German-controlled France. As the war continues, the grip of the occupying force tightens and friendships, trust and loyalty give way to secrecy, suspicion and loss.

A tribute to the heroic activities of the everyday members of the Résistance, L'Armée des ombres is a tense, atmospheric tour de force featuring powerful performances from Simone Signoret, Lino Ventura and Jean-Pierre Cassel, and a striking cameo from Serge Reggiani.

***

Discretion is the better part of valour, they say. And you couldn’t imagine a more discreet tribute to the heroes of the wartime French Resistance than this terrific late-’60s thriller by the ex-Maquis member Melville, the director best known for his gangster masterpieces like ‘The Samourai’. Tracing the self-sacrificial exploits from October 1942 to February 1943 of a small group of field operatives – the acerbic Lino Ventura’s ex-engineer, Simone Signoret’s iron-nerved Mathilde among them – Melville’s film adopts a formal essentialism to outline the codes and manners of impassive-looking ‘warriors’ over whom the Damocles sword of discovery, torture and death is ever hovering.

Of the themes with which the director deals so superbly – disguised emotion, organisation, trust, quiet courage, betrayal and grief – the most important is that of loyalty (and its price). The film boasts a startling visual quality, too – the suspenseful twilight escapades are shot with a beautifully muted, steely-grey colour palette by cinematographer Pierre Lhomme – and it is laced with moments of dry, sardonic wit that serve only to emphasise its devastating emotional core even more. Superb.

Excerpt from TimeOut Film Guide located HERE

Posters

Theatrical Release: September 12th, 1969

Reviews    More Reviews    DVD Reviews

DVD Comparison:

BFI - Region 2 - PAL vs. Criterion (2-disc) - Region 1- NTSC

(BFI - Region 2 - PAL LEFT vs. Criterion - Region 1- NTSC RIGHT)

DVD Box Cover

Distribution

BFI Video

Region 2 - PAL

Criterion Collection - Spine # 385

Region 1- NTSC

Runtime 2:18:50 (4% PAL Speedup) 2:25:00 
Video 1.85:1 Aspect Ratio
Average Bitrate: 5.64 mb/s
PAL 720x576 25.00 f/s
1.85:1 Aspect Ratio
Average Bitrate: 6.60 mb/s
NTSC 720x480 29.97 f/s

NOTE: The Vertical axis represents the bits transferred per second. The Horizontal is the time in minutes.

Bitrate:  BFI

Bitrate: Criterion

Audio French (Dolby Digital 2.0)  French (Dolby Digital 1.0), French (Dolby Digital 2.0)  
Subtitles English (for feature dialogue and Commentary), None English, None
Features

Release Information:
Studio: BFI Video

Aspect Ratio:
Original Aspect Ratio 1.85:1

Edition Details:

• Commentary by Professor Ginette Vincendeau, author of Jean-Pierre Melville: An American in Paris (BFI)
• Le Journal de la Résistance (1945, 33 mins, b&w) - a rare documentary from the archive of the Imperial War Museum with English commentary by Noel Coward
• Rarely seen short film about Jean-Pierre Melville from 1968, with footage of him directing on set (4 mins, colour)
• Illustrated booklet including essay by Jean-Michel Frodon and a review of the film on its original release by Jean-Louis Comolli, both from Cahiers du cinéma magazine; director biography

DVD Release Date: November 27th, 2006

Transparent Keep Case
Chapters: 18

 

Release Information:
Studio: Criterion

Aspect Ratio:
Original Aspect Ratio 1.85:1

Edition Details:

• Commentary by Professor Ginette Vincendeau, author of Jean-Pierre Melville: An American in Paris
• Video interviews with Pierre Lhomme and editor Françoise Bonnot Archival video excerpts, including on-set footage and interviews with Melville, cast members, writer Joseph Kessel, and real-life Resistance fighters
• Jean-Pierre Melville et "L'Armée des ombres" (2006), a short program on the director and his film
• Le journal de la Résistance (1944), a rare short documentary shot on the front lines of the final days of German-occupied France
• Film restoration demonstration by Pierre Lhomme
• Liner notes booklet featuring critic Amy Taubin, historian Robert Paxton, and excerpts from Rui Nogueira’s Melville on Melville 

DVD Release Date: May 15th, 2007

Transparent Keep Case
Chapters: 27

 

 

Comments:

ADDITION: Criterion - Region 1- May 07': For most people I would say the differences between these two editions are inconsequential but, as expected, the Criterion nudges ahead in every area - if only to a small degree. Criterion have done some minor manipulation to the image - it is marginally brighter and black levels are likewise that much darker. Colors don't appear to have suffered in the process. Framing shows no variance but the Criterion has scenes that are slightly sharper. In essence I wouldn't complain about either edition's appearance - they both look marvelous from the newly restored print.

Criterion offers a stereo option as well as the original mono and the subtitle translation is slightly different in spots.

The BFI does have the feature of optional commentary subtitles - which I use and enjoy. I hope Criterion and other production companies adopt this function in the future.

Regarding the supplements - the commentary is duplicated (possibly the first time I recall Criterion using another edition's commentary track) and I'll repeat what I said about the BFI - "I really enjoyed Ginette Vincendeau's commentary (plus she has a beautiful voice and accent). She might be a little stiff, but expresses an extremely professional manner in her dissemination of information. She certainly knows her stuff - a joy to listen to." Also duplicated is the 30 minute Le journal de la Résistance from 1944 - a rare documentary from the archive of the Imperial War Museum with English commentary by Noel Coward .

Criterion adds some video interviews with Pierre Lhomme and editor Françoise Bonnot - archival video excerpts, including on-set footage and interviews with Melville, cast members, writer Joseph Kessel, and real-life Resistance fighters. There is a short program included called Jean-Pierre Melville et "L'Armée des ombres" from 2006 - this is about 25 minutes. There is a film restoration demonstration by Pierre Lhomme and an excellent 44-page liner notes booklet featuring critic Amy Taubin, historian Robert Paxton, and excerpts from Rui Nogueira’s Melville on Melville. There are some beautiful color photos.

This is a fabulous historic film and I'd love to recommend the BFI based on what a complete DVD package that it is, but the truth is as well as Criterion eclipsing in every area - it is also cheaper after currency conversion. This makes the Criterion a must-have DVD. No question about it.

****

On the BFI: Wow... what a great DVD - a film I had not had the privilege to have ever seen before - from a director whose work I greatly admire. I anxiously stuck it in the player at very first opportunity (minutes after it arrived). A newly restored print, following its theatrical release by the BFI earlier this year looks absolutely stunning - Criterion-level in its contrast and pure film feel with Melville's typical dark browns, blues and greens. Dim, as intended, and very sharp with great shadow detail. First rate image.

I really enjoyed Ginette Vincendeau's commentary (plus she has a beautiful voice and accent). She might be a little stiff, but expresses an extremely professional manner in her dissemination of information. She certainly knows her stuff - a joy to listen to.

Other digital supplements include a 33 minute featurette - Le Journal de la Résistance shot in 1945 - a rare documentary from the archive of the Imperial War Museum with English commentary by Noel Coward, plus a rarely seen short film about Jean-Pierre Melville from 1968, with footage of him directing on set (French with English subtitles). Finally a wonderful illustrated 20-page booklet including an essay by Jean-Michel Frodon and a review of the film on its original release by Jean-Louis Comolli, both from Cahiers du cinéma magazine. Incredible work by BFI - I am thrilled with this DVD - another in the list of strong candidates for Feature DVD of the Month.  

Gary W. Tooze

 

 



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(BFI - Region 2 - PAL TOP vs. Criterion - Region 1- NTSC BOTTOM)
 

 


DVD Box Cover

Distribution

BFI Video

Region 2 - PAL

Criterion Collection - Spine # 385

Region 1- NTSC




 

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