NOTE: The below Blu-ray captures were taken directly from the Blu-ray disc.

ADDITION: Criterion Blu-ray (February 2023): Criterion have transferred David Lynch's 'Inland Empire'  to Blu-ray. It is cited as being from a "New HD digital master, made from the 4K restoration supervised by director David Lynch, with 5.1 surround DTS-HD Master Audio and uncompressed stereo soundtracks, newly remastered by Lynch and original rerecording mixers Dean Hurley and Ron Eng". This is a two Blu-ray set with the feature alone filling a dual-layered disc and the supplements on a second Blu-ray. The film looks much better - less desirable wax-like softness in-motion remains but it is further minimized by this 1080P dual-layered transfer (sharing the disc with nothing else) and a higher bitrate than the 13-year old UK Blu-ray. Flesh tones cool and normalize - as do the embellished colors of the Optimum. There are instances of depth and this is easily the best Inland Empire has ever looked on disc media. There is what looks like minor compression infrequently observed and I only saw one instance of combing but this is a notable upgrade. The 4K restoration with Lynch's seal of approval is reason to celebrate.

NOTE: We have added 48 more large resolution Blu-ray captures (in lossless PNG format) for DVDBeaver Patrons HERE

Audio offers the same 2 options as the Optimum; DTS-HD 5.1 surround and linear PCM stereo - cited as "5.1 surround DTS-HD Master Audio and uncompressed stereo soundtracks, newly remastered by Lynch and original rerecording mixers Dean Hurley and Ron Eng"- the former being slightly more robust than its UK counterpart. Music includes Nina Simone's wonderfully paced Sinner Man, Etta James magnificent At Last, Little Eva's The Loco-Motion, Black Tambourine by Beck, De Natura Sonoris II, Fluorescences for Orchestra and Anaklasis für Streicher und Schlagzeug written and performed by Krzysztof Penderecki and the National Polish Radio Symphony Orchestra, plus pieces including from The Mantovani Orchestra to Dave Brubeck, even Walkin' on the Sky composed and performed by David Lynch. It sounds quite clean and crisp overall with a few snappy separations. All good. Criterion offer optional English (SDH) subtitles on their two Region 'A' Blu-rays.

NOTE: on my player I could remove the 'foreign-language' (Polish, the Asian girl on the street's broken English etc.) secondary subtitles. Otherwise they default to being shown.

Extras are all on the second Blu-ray - mostly repeated from the Absurda / Rhino DVD. Two films from 2007 start of the disc; LYNCH, a feature-length film by blackANDwhite, the makers of David Lynch: The Art Life, was made over the course of two years during the filming of Inland Empire. LYNCH2 is a short film by blackANDwhite, featuring behind-the-scenes footage from the making of Inland Empire. There is a 1/2 hour new conversation between actors Laura Dern and Kyle MacLachlan about working with Lynch and memories of Blue Velvet. More Things That Happened are seventy-five minutes of extra scenes. Ballerina, is a dozen-minute 2007 short film by Lynch. Included is a 1/4 hour audio recording featuring director David Lynch reading from "The Happiest of Happy Endings," a chapter from Room to Dream, the 2018 book that he coauthored with critic Kristine McKenna. Lastly is a trailer and the package has liner notes with excerpts from Richard A. Barney’s book David Lynch: Interviews.

Criterion's back-of-box description sums it up well; "David Lynch’s first digitally shot feature makes visionary use of the medium to weave a vast meditation on the enigmas of time, identity, and cinema itself. Featuring a tour de force performance from Laura Dern as an actor on the edge, this labyrinthine Dream Factory nightmare tumbles down an endless series of unfathomably interconnected rabbit holes as it takes viewers on a hallucinatory odyssey into the deepest realms of the unconscious mind." Inland Empire was written, directed and co-produced by David Lynch who also did the cinematography, editing, score and sound design. It was completed over a three-year period and shot primarily in Los Angeles and Poland. Hard to believe it was made 17-years ago! I watched this surrealist nightmare three times in a row seeing something new each viewing. Self indulgent? of course - that is another reason to love it. It remains one of the most underrated films because of its 3-hour length and ability to polarize those with mainstream expectations. Inland Empire is a film you can re-watch for the rest of your life. Criterions stellar Blu-ray package gets our highest recommendation!

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ADDITION: Optimum - Region B -Blu-ray - May 2010': Image: I am happy to report that it doesn't and, quite frankly, I am surprised. I can still recall with some aversion the effects on faces of conversion and upscaling that went into large portions of Fahrenheit 911. Yuk! These same plasticized, textureless faces crop up in INLAND EMPIRE and their being upscaled to 1080p doesn't fix the problem. They still look like they belong in a wax museum. But neither do they look worse. Hair is still matted, but in well-lit scenes, we can make out a light beard on Justin Theroux, even a semblance of expression.

There was another nagging problem on the DVD (the Absurda/Rhino is the only one I have to compare), relating to movement. As we watch Grace Zabriskie walk up to Laura Dern's door near the beginning of the film, we reflexively reach for the Dramamine. We can't quite tell if what we see is the result of deliberate frame dropping, sloppy editing, a snafu in the transfer, or what. While there is still some jerkiness on the Blu-ray, it feels more deliberate and, if you'll indulge me, smoother. Note also the scene with the Polish "rabbits" who arrange themselves on a stage. The camera is still, but on the DVD the image isn't quite stable. If this isn't entirely apparent, it will be when you see the Blu-ray. These minute advantages add up to a far less fatiguing, more involving experience over a movie three hours long.

Differences in color and brightness between both the Rhino and Optimum's own DVD are also apparent. As to brightness, the Blu-ray strikes a middle course between the two DVDs, which I find suitable and preferable to either. The red shift is quite dramatic, and will not please everyone - I find it works better in some scenes than others. (I know we're supposed to reviewing what is actually on the DVD, but just a reminder: I'm sure you're display has video tone controls.)

Audio
As with the two DVD editions, Optimum's Blu-ray offers the choice of a 2.0 and a 5.1 mix, the latter in DTS-HD MA. As with the video, there are gains in the uncompressed audio mode that some will find even qualitatively delicious, depending on how good your audio system is. The music, especially, benefits from the kind of exquisite aural effect that will envelope and transport you directly into another universe. Be warned.

Operations
The biggest, and to many, the most important difference between the two DVDs are the chapter stops on the Region 1 disc and the lack of them on the Region 2. Nothing has changed for the U.K. company. Optimum continues to honor the director's "intentions" in this respect (NOTE: From George in email: "Absurda is Lynch's company and he has changed his views on chapter stops, so the existence of them on the US DVD cannot be coincidental - he actually talks about this on the extras. My guess is Optimum didn't even ask, they thought that Lynch simply has the same views on the matter, or simply couldn't be bothered to create some...") – which reminds me that the disc starts out with a short promo piece for Optimum that promises us a Blu-ray for Mulholland Dr. Can the director's intentions be far behind, and will they extend to matters beyond the absence of chapter stops? You know what I mean.

Extras
Optimum imported to their Blu-ray the same extra features that appear on their 2-Disc Special Edition DVD. The director is the lynchpin in all of them and, since they are gathered from various sources not originally intended for video bonus features, he tends to repeat much of the same material, fascinating though any of them may be. Conspicuous by her absence is any interview with his star, Laura Dern, about whose virtues as an actress, Lynch can't say enough. The Rhino wins out here.

Recommendation:
For admirers of the film, I'd opt for the Optimum Blu-ray for improved picture and sound, and the Rhino for its bonus features.

Leonard Norwitz
May 5th, 2010

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ADDITION: Optimum - Region 2- PAL DVD - August 07': The video transfer on the Region 2 release of 'Inland Empire' is lighter than its Region 1 counterpart. From my theatrical viewing of the film, I would suggest that the darker Region 1 transfer is the more accurate representation of Lynch's DV-shot footage. However – given that the transfers are near-identical in all other respects – I don't think that this slight difference in brightness should, by itself, deter potential buyers of the Region 2 release. Unfortunately, the Region 2 release mirrors the American DVD in only offering English subtitles for the Polish sequences of the film.

It should be noted – as Gary has pointed out below – that the nature of digitally-recorded footage means that the picture quality of ‘Inland Empire’ (both in its Region 1 and Region 2 incarnations) is in many ways inferior to that of traditionally-filmed productions. However, this is no bad thing. The grainy DV of ‘Inland Empire’ is the perfect marriage of message and medium. As Lynch himself states on one of the Region 2 disc’s extras:

“We all love film: so much, it’s so beautiful. And I really respect [cinematographers] for getting better and better and better images. But what it comes down to is to getting the image – whatever it is – that is true to that idea.”

In ‘Inland Empire’ – as far as I can tell – Lynch’s idea is to lay bare the protagonist’s psyche and to involve the viewer as closely as possible in her breakdown. Anything other than the immediacy and simplicity of digital video would defeat this. Rather than bringing us close to the subject, traditional film footage brings with it distance. To a lesser or greater degree, film implies DPs; it implies set-ups; it implies lighting; it implies grips, focus operators and technicians; and, most of all, it implies premeditation. All of which stand as barriers in the way of a more profound connection between actor and viewer; the type of connection that digital video can – and ‘Inland Empire’ does – succeed in delivering.

In fact (and even though the coolness of higher-end digital technology is well-used in Michael Mann’s recent tone-poems to masculinity), DV may have never been more perfectly exploited than it is in Lynch’s film.

Returning to the DVD(!): the Dolby Digital 2.0 and 5.1 soundtracks are more than adequate, although I couldn’t discern much difference between the two.

And, as for the extras, the Region 2 offers absolutely no overlap with the Region 1 version. However there is plenty of internal overlap between the Region 2 release’s five featurettes, which are housed on a second disc. All of them are variations on an interview with Lynch, and many of them cover the same ground (how Lynch got into filmmaking; why he’s using DV etc.). That much of this ground has been covered elsewhere (a video conversation between Lynch and Mike Figgis formed the basis of a March 2007 article in ‘Sight and Sound’, for example) further devalues the disc.

By far the best extra on the Region 2 release’s second disc is a filmed chat between Lynch and the French film critic (and Lynch expert) Michael Chion. This takes places at a recent retrospective of Lynch’s artwork in Paris, and Lynch and Chion discuss many of the pieces on display. I found this exhibition to be one of the most pleasurable artistic experiences of my life (read my own review of the exhibition HERE, so I expect that Lynch and Chion’s discussions will prove valuable for those who were unable to attend it.

However – in the end – the Region 1 Absurdia/Rhino release (with its 90 minutes of deleted scenes, and inclusion of the short film ‘The Ballerina’) offers a far more complete and interesting selection of extras, making it the preferred choice for Lynch enthusiasts.

 - Pete Hoskin

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ON THE ABSURDA / RHINO DVD: I suppose there must be a certain amount of artistic leeway for digital video but  regardless in comparison to most new stuff we review on DVDBeaver - this looks like crap. Certainly I'll wager it was this way theatrically and I have no doubt the dual-layered DVD faithfully is representing the finished product. Mini-cam Digital Video has definite benefits for direction and production but has a long way to go to equal the cleanliness and sharpness of, say, 35mm. Regardless the DVD is progressive and offers optional French subtitles (in both standard and widescreen versions). It sounds a bit better than it looks and purports a realistic 'feel' - that again was, most likely, intentional. I watched the film in a 2.0 channel audio option but also offered are a 5.1 'far-field' and 5.1 'near-field' choice. I tested them and they sounded different but not dynamically so and I don't know what to think of the option.

Disc one offers a static screen TV calibration test for brightness, contrast and color. This appears on all Absurda / Rhino DVDs (ex. Eraserhead). There is no chapter menu although the 3 hour film has 40 chapter stops. Disc 2 has a ton of stuff from the 90 minutes of deleted scenes to the Ballerina short (I liked!) to a behind the scenes ad-hoc work called 'Lynch 2' which has a lot of David spouting off in the production process. There is a huge 'Stills Gallery' (that could pass as art in itself), trailers and even a segment of Lynch cooking Quinoa (a green leafy vegetable - edible cereal seeds - found in the Andean region of South America).

Lynch's uncompromising film is pure art - in its most intense definition. This will appeal to some and distance many. This appears to have been made for a very narrow grouping as well, partially, for his fan base as there appears to be so much of what is David Lynch, and his past work, in the film. In fact many could go on to say both the film and the entire DVD are totally ego-driven works of expression. So be it. If it is entertainment one can only judge it on a personal basis.  I'm sure it will divide many audiences from disgust to, as Manohla Dargis of The New York Times states, 'Inland Empire” isn’t a film to love. It is a work to admire, to puzzle through, to wrestle with'.