(aka "The Last Laugh")
directed
by F.W. Murnau
Germany - 1924
A landmark work
in the history of the cinema, Der letzte Mann represents a
breakthrough on a number of fronts. Firstly, it introduced a method
of purely visual storytelling in which all intertitles and dialogue
were jettisoned, setting the stage for a seamless interaction
between film-world and viewer. Secondly, it put to use a panoply of
technical innovations that continue to point distinct ways forward
for cinematic expression nearly a century later. It guides the
silent cinema’s melodramatic brio to its lowest abject abyss —
before disposing of the tragic arc altogether. The lesson in all
this? That a film can be anything it wants to be… but only Der
letzte Mann (and a few unforgettable others) were lucky enough
to issue forth into the world under the brilliant command of master
director F. W. Murnau. His film depicts the tale of an elderly hotel doorman (played by the inimitable Emil Jannings) whose superiors have come to deem his station as transitory as the revolving doors through which he has ushered guests in and out, day upon day, decade after decade. Reduced to polishing tiles beneath a sink in the gents’ lavatory and towelling the hands of Berlin’s most-vulgar barons, the doorman soon uncovers the ironical underside of old-world hospitality. And then — one day — his fate suddenly changes… Der letzte Mann (also known as The Last Laugh, although its original title translates to “The Last Man”) inaugurated a new era of mobile camera expression whose handheld aesthetic and sheer plastic fervour predated the various “New Wave” movements of the 1960s and beyond. As the watershed entry in Murnau’s work, its influence can be detected in such later masterpieces as Faust, Sunrise, and Tabu — and in the films of the same Hollywood dream-factory that would offer him a contract shortly after Der letzte Mann’s release. Excerpt from the Masters of Cinema website located HERE |
Poster
Theatrical Release: December 23rd, 1924 - Germany
Reviews More Reviews DVD Reviews
DVD Comparison:
Kino (Restored Deluxe Edition) - Region 0 - NTSC vs. Eureka - Region 2 - PAL vs. Eureka 'Masters of Cinema' - Region 0 - PAL vs. Kino - Region 0 - NTSC vs. Films Sans Frontieres - Region 2 - PAL |
Big thanks to Pavel Borodin for original Kino and Films sans Frontieres caps and Mikhail for use of the Deluxe Kino edition!
DVD Box Covers |
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Distribution |
Kino Video (Restored Deluxe Edition) Region 0 - NTSC |
Eureka Video
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Eureka
- Masters of Cinema # 23 Region 0 - PAL |
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Kino Video Region 1 - NTSC |
Films Sans Frontieres
Region 2 - PAL |
1) Kino (Restored Deluxe Edition) - Region 0 - NTSC LEFT 2) Eureka (original release) - Region 2 - PAL 2nd 3) Masters of Cinema - Region 0 - PAL 3rd4) Kino - Region 0 - NTSC - 4th5 ) Films Sans Frontieres - Region 2 - PAL - RIGHT |
Distribution |
Kino Video Region 0 - NTSC |
Eureka Video
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Eureka
- Masters of Cinema # 23 |
Kino Video Region 1 - NTSC |
Films Sans Frontieres
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Runtime | 1:30:09 | 1:30:05 | 1:30:36 | 1:27:39 | 1:41:48 |
Video |
1.33
Original Aspect Ratio Average Bitrate: 6.43 mb/s NTSC 704x480 29.97 f/s |
1.33:1
Original Aspect Ratio Average Bitrate: ? PAL 720x576 25.00 f/s |
1.33:1
Original Aspect Ratio Average Bitrate: 7.35 mb/s PAL 720x576 25.00 f/s |
1.33
Original Aspect Ratio |
1.33:1
Original Aspect Ratio |
NOTE: The Vertical axis represents the bits transferred per second. The Horizontal is the time in minutes. |
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Bitrate:
Kino Deluxe |
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Eureka original |
UNAVAILABLE |
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Bitrate:
Masters of Cinema
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Bitrate:
Kino
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Bitrate:
Films Sans Frontieres
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Audio |
Original Score |
Original Score |
Original Score |
(Few) intertitles: English |
(Few) intertitles: German |
Subtitles | Intertitles and credits pre-translated into English or some English subs for German text (see sample below) | (Few) intertitles in German with choice of English, French, Spanish subs | English, none | none | French |
Features |
Release Information: Studio: Kino Video Aspect Ratio: Original aspect ratio - 1.33:1 Edition Details:
• Photo Gallery • 2nd disc of Un-restored Export version (DVD5)
DVD Release Date: September 30th, 2008Keep Case Chapters 12 |
Release Information: Studio: Eureka Video Aspect Ratio: Edition Details:
Chapters 20 |
Release Information: Aspect Ratio:
Edition Details: • 36-pages liner notes bookletDVD Release Date: January 21st, 2008 Keep Case Chapters 20 |
Release Information: Studio: Kino Video Aspect Ratio: Original aspect ratio - 1.33:1 Edition Details: DVD-5 - Single sided, single layer DVD
Release Date: June 5, 2001 Chapters 12 |
Release Information: Studio: Films Sans Frontieres, France Aspect Ratio: DVD-5 - Single sided, single layer
DVD
Release Date: Feb 16th, 2001 Chapters 5 |
Comments: |
ADDITION: Kino Deluxe - November 08': A kind friend has sent me this Kino Deluxe edition to add to this comparison. There is a reason I don't buy Kino anymore. This is similar to the Metropolis comparison, with both Masters of Cinema (UK) and Kino (US) getting the same German Transit-Universum restored master.... but this time Kino have transferred it to SD-DVD 'interlaced' and every capture from their edition below shows 'combing' and all the associated artifacts of that inferior practice of film-to-DVD methodology. I'm unsure of the frame-rate issue but the Kino runs the same time as PAL most probably indicating that it will have 'ghosting' mixed in with the combing as well. It's hard to tell the combing is so heavy. The Kino contrast and greyscale are poorer with some brown/sepia/green infiltration. Like with Metropolis, Kino have pre-translated the German intertitles and credits and there are burned-in English subtitles for the text portions (like newspaper reading etc. - see below). This makes it all inferior to the UK edition.
Kino have included the same 40 minute German documentary (with subs), image gallery and have added a separate portion of the original German title sequence. The second Kino disc is a single-layered, interlaced, 'un-restored Export version of the film. This ends up being just another reason to be region-free, as far as I am concerned. Masters of Cinema and their 36-page booklet with writings by film scholars R. Dixon Smith, Tony Rayns, and Lotte H. Eisner, is the package to own. Kino continue their slipshod transfer practices and I am pleased to expose them without, this time, bothering to have purchased their DVDs myself. *** ADDITION: Masters of Cinema - January 08': Well, the original comparisons were done a very long time ago and I can no longer vouch for the total accuracy of the screen captures. I used the same methodology that we always have but we had not standardized it back then. So, what that means is that I cannot state with our usual accuracy about the editions. But I can still make a reasonable guess. The MoC is the original German domestic version (with original German intertitles) and looks to be the exact same transfer from the 2004 DVD edition (utilizing the Murnau Stiftung/Transit Films restoration from 2001-2003) although the old was interlaced and had playback issues on some region-free machines. Perhaps the new is a shade darker. It has November 2007 VOB files so there may have be some slight differentiation (as Robert Harris said once - about another film/DVD - 'they just moved the pixels around'). It is more than that I believe - especially now that it is progressive. Anyway, it is still the best looking - it is dual-layered, progressive and represents probably the most complete and beautiful representation of THE LAST LAUGH since its first release 80 years ago. The old Eureka had subtitle options in French and Spanish where the new MoC has only optional English. By the way, the Kino is riddled with chroma and is poorer in just about every comparable facet (also it is interlaced). It has the same 40 minute Der letzte Mann – The Making Of documentary by Murnau expert Luciano Berriatúa and is advertised as having 'New and improved optional English subtitles' and I'm in no position to argue. Plus Masters of Cinema have added a lavishly illustrated 36-page booklet with writing by film scholars R. Dixon Smith, Tony Rayns, and Lotte H. Eisner. So better cover, better menu - same excellent transfer, but now progressive, and those wonderful liner notes - YES! - buy the Masters of Cinema DVD today!
ON THE FIRST THREE
COMPARED: Well, it is obvious that the
"beautifully restored version..." that Markus discusses below has
been brought to DVD. It is without question the definitive version of this
masterpiece. It is sharper, brighter and more detailed. I think the last capture
with them smoking is the most obvious. Thank you Eureka !
Not unlike the Eureka,
Kino, Divisa 'Faust'
this is actually two different films (Films Sans Frontieres is over 15
minutes longer than the Kino). Why? I don't know. Trouble is
it makes it impossible to find exact frames, because often, there are
none that are duplicates. The most obvious difference in picture quality
is brown tint of the Films Sans Frontieres PAL
version. The Kino version is cleaner and sharper in most sequences with
honest-looking contrast. The film is not only "silent" but
done without dialogue as the actors are mostly pantomiming. Subtitles
are not necessary, and there need only be very few intertitles. True
fans of this film should get both versions.
NOTE: A beautiful
newly restored version of this film was shown at the last Berlin Film Festival
and also on German TV, and it surely will be available on DVD some
day. NOTE: From
Markus
of Chiaroscuro
The difference in run
time might be due to different projection speed (FsF is at 20 fps).
But I suspect that the Kino version is from the US version of the
film from which the last reel was cut. The FsF version is from the
1983 German TV restoration (ZDF), is the complete 6-reeler, but uses
a mediocre TV teleciné master. |
Associated Reading (CLICK COVERS or TITLES for more information)
Metropolis (Bfi Film Classics, 54) by Thomas Elsaesser |
Movie Posters of the Silent Film Era To Color by Rex Schneider, Christopher Buchman |
American Film Cycles: The Silent Era (Bibliographies
and Indexes in the Performing Arts) by Larry Langman |
Family Secrets: The Feature Films of D. W. Griffith by Michael Allen |
Silent Players: A Biographical and Autobiographical
Study of 100 Silent Film Actors and Actresses by Anthony Slide |
The Silent Cinema Reader by Lee Grieveson, Peter Kramer |
Silent Stars Speak: Interviews With Twelve Cinema
Pioneers by Tony Villecco |
Haunted Screen Expressionism in the German Cinema by Lotte Eisner |
DVD Menus
Kino (Restored Deluxe Edition) - Region 0 - NTSC
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Masters of Cinema - Region 0 - PAL
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(Eureka
- Region 2 - PAL LEFT vs.
Kino
- Region 0 - NTSC - MIDDLE vs.Films Sans Frontieres - Region 2 - PAL - RIGHT)
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Screen Captures
Kino Deluxe - pre-translated - LEFT - German text to English non-removable RIGHT
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1) Kino (Restored Deluxe Edition) - Region 0 - NTSC TOP 2) Eureka (original release) - Region 2 - PAL 2nd 3) Masters of Cinema - Region 0 - PAL 3rd4) Kino - Region 0 - NTSC - 4th5 ) Films Sans Frontieres - Region 2 - PAL - BOTTOM |
1) Kino (Restored Deluxe Edition) - Region 0 - NTSC TOP 2) Eureka (original release) - Region 2 - PAL 2nd 3) Masters of Cinema - Region 0 - PAL 3rd4) Kino - Region 0 - NTSC - 4th5 ) Films Sans Frontieres - Region 2 - PAL - BOTTOM |
1) Kino (Restored Deluxe Edition) - Region 0 - NTSC TOP 2) Eureka (original release) - Region 2 - PAL 2nd 3) Masters of Cinema - Region 0 - PAL 3rd4) Kino - Region 0 - NTSC - 4th5 ) Films Sans Frontieres - Region 2 - PAL - BOTTOM
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1) Kino (Restored Deluxe Edition) - Region 0 - NTSC TOP 2) Eureka (original release) - Region 2 - PAL 2nd 3) Masters of Cinema - Region 0 - PAL 3rd4) Kino - Region 0 - NTSC - 4th5 ) Films Sans Frontieres - Region 2 - PAL - BOTTOM |
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1) Kino (Restored Deluxe Edition) - Region 0 - NTSC TOP 2) Eureka (original release) - Region 2 - PAL 2nd 3) Masters of Cinema - Region 0 - PAL 3rd4) Kino - Region 0 - NTSC - 4th5 ) Films Sans Frontieres - Region 2 - PAL - BOTTOM |
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1) Kino (Restored Deluxe Edition) - Region 0 - NTSC TOP 2) Eureka (original release) - Region 2 - PAL 2nd 3) Masters of Cinema - Region 0 - PAL 3rd4) Kino - Region 0 - NTSC - 4th5 ) Films Sans Frontieres - Region 2 - PAL - BOTTOM |
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Report Card:
Image: |
Eureka / Masters of Cinema |
Sound: |
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Extras: | Masters of Cinema |
Menu: |
Masters of Cinema |
DVD Box Covers |
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Kino Video Region 1 - NTSC |
Films Sans Frontieres
Region 2 - PAL |
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